Part II. Die Varieties:
Doubled Dies:
Class IV (Offset Hub Doubling)
Pictures and an overlay showing 1988 DDO-003. A strong offset and likely tilted ear was hubbed south of the primary ear.
All doubled die illustrations are by Jason Cuvelier.
Pictures and an overlay showing 1988 DDO-003. A strong offset and likely tilted ear was hubbed south of the primary ear.
All doubled die illustrations are by Jason Cuvelier.
Definition: Clash marks from dies that should never have been paired. Mule clashes were, until recently, considered a 19th century phenomenon. Six are known from this century:
It’s widely suspected that all of these mule clashes are the result of mischief by mint employees.
The latest mule clash was discovered in 2018 by Amy Antone in a pile of cents diverted from pocket change. It appears on the reverse face of a 1999 cent. Appearing on the left side, just inside the design rim, is an arc of incuse, mirror-image letters (“oF AMERIC”). The letters are doubled, documenting two die clashes that were slightly offset from each other. The tops of the letters are slightly cut off, indicating that the die responsible for the clash was slightly misaligned toward the left. The peripheral location of the letters indicates that one of the two dies (presumably the hammer die), was tilted.
It’s not clear whether the two dies were actually installed in a press at the time of the clash. It’s also unclear whether this clash was accidental or intentional. This bizarre clash comes from an 11-year time period (1990-2000) that produced over 34 “radical MAD clashes” in Lincoln cents. All of these clashes are weak, tilted, and often drastically misaligned. The conditions that led to these clashes may have contributed to the production of this mule clash.
Definition: Machine doubling that occurs when a die rotates after reaching maximum depth of penetration into the coin. It can occur on either face or both faces simultaneously. It can manifest either as push doubling or slide doubling.
This 1996-P nickel shows rotational machine doubling on both faces in the same direction. It conforms to the push doubling subtype, as marginal shelving is well developed. Since the direction and distance of the displacement is the same on both faces, there’s a good chance that it was the newly-struck coin that rotated, instead of the dies. This could have been accomplished by by a rotating collar.
For more information, see this article: http://www.coinworld.com/news/us-coins/2015/07/when-machine-doubling-is-doubled–collectors–clearinghouse.html
The
Mysterious 1960 Small Date Lincoln Cent
By BJ Neff, NLG
It was a pleasant surprise to have In 2006, I had established that the 1960 small date Lincoln cent master We One Vertical Misaligned We should first look into the unusual |
Working |
The |
|
The other die clash pattern is created by the lower |
|
|
We can also see similar differences |
Why did the mint We So,
[1] The web note was printed on a high speed printing press that did not live up to the expectations of the Mint. The one dollar bill was the only limited note printed on this press type. |
Definition: A repunched date is a date that has one or more numerals that have being repunched into a master or working die. This excludes doubled dies or re-engraved dates that show doubling on the digits of the date. This also excludes misplaced dates which is under a separate heading.
The above example of a repunched date is found on a 1 centavo from Colombia minted in 1969. The first two digits 19 have clearly been repunched.
Other Sites of Interest
American ANACS Collectors CONECA CONECA Coppercoins Error Error-ref.com Florida Florida http://fun-forums.livejournal.com/1793.html Fly-in-club Franklin-Lover’s Heritage Independent Indian Lincoln MADdieclashes.com Traildies.com VAM Variety Fred Wexler’s |
The image to the right shows a repunched design element, specifically a period between the N and Y. This repunched design element is found on the 1863 Broas Brothers Pie Bakers store card token.
Many older coins show individual design elements repunched into the working die or master die. This action took place after the hubbing of the die. The image to the right shows a repunched star on a 1891, Dos Centavos from Argentina. Notice that the denticles next to the star are not doubled. If the denticles were doubled, this may have indicated that the star was actually on the master hub when the dies were made.
.
American Numismatic Association – The leading organization for coin collectors. http://www.money.org/
ANACS – One of the two third party grading companies who use MADdieclashes and trail dies number system on their encapsulations. http://www.anacs.com/
Collectors Universe Forum – All sorts of coins are discussed in this forum. http://forums.collectors.com/
CONECA – An organization dedicated to error and varieties. https://conecaonline.org
CONECA Forum – A forum dedicated to error and varieties. https://board.conecaonline.org
Coppercoins – Doubled dies and RPMs of the Lincoln cent series are listed here with colored images. Excellent reference material. http://www.coppercoins.com/
Error Coin Information Exchange – Error and variety coins are posted and discussed in this formatted exchange. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/errorcoininformationexchange/post
Error-ref.com – The go to site for definitions of all error and variety coin. The site uses abundant colored images. http://error-ref.com/
Florida United Numismatists – The organization that holds the greatest coin show on
earth. http://www.funtopics.com/
Fly-in-club – A site dedicated to Flying Eagle and Indian cents. http://www.fly-inclub.org/index.html
Franklin-Lover’s – An excellent site dedicated to Franklin errors and varieties http://www.franklinlover.yolasite.com/
Heritage Auctions – An excellent site for looking at great coins that have been auctioned. Great reference material. http://coins.ha.com/?ic=Tab-Home-041408
Independent Coin Graders – One of the two third party grading companies who use MADdieclashes and trail dies number system on their encapsulations. http://www.icgcoin.com/
Lincoln Cent Forum – The best place to go to discuss Lincoln cent coins. http://www.lincolncentforum.com
MADdieclashes.com – An excellent site dedicated to die clashes from the United States and worldwide. Abundant colored images with denominational overlays are contained in this site. http://maddieclashes.com/index.html
Traildies.com – The only site dedicated to the anomalies called “trails” and “wavy steps.” http://traildies.com/
VAM World – A great site dedicated to errors and varieties found on Morgan and Peace dollars. http://www.vamworld.com/
Variety Vista – A master listing of all found doubled dies and RPMs. James Wiles also lists newly found doubled dies and RPMs on this site. http://varietyvista.com/index.htm
Notching is an affect caused by the formation of a doubled die. The notch is formed on the serifs of letters and numerals and is the result of the positioning of the first image to the offset of the second image. While true notcing is only formed on doubled dies, a condition that is similar is seen with die deterioration doubling.
The image below shows notching on a 1964 Lincoln cent doubled die. The image is courtesy of Coppercoins.