Reduction lathe doubling (master hub doubling)
Master die doubling (master die with a doubled die variety) (CW 7/27/20)
Broken hub (chipped hub) (CW 12/23/13, 5/21/18)
Hubbed-in debris (CW 5/27/13, 1/17/22)
Damaged punch
Longacre doubling (probably impressions of punch shoulders)
Doubled dies (incl. tripled dies, etc)
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- Rotated hub doubling (Class I) (CW 8/8/16)
- 1872 Seated Liberty dime with 175 degree rotation (ES July/August 2003; CW 2/10/03)
- Distorted hub doubling (Class II)
- Design hub doubling (Class III)
- Offset hub doubling (Class IV)
- Pivoted hub doubling (Class V)
- Distended hub doubling (Class VI)
- Modified hub doubling (Class VII)
- Tilted hub doubling (Class VIII)
- Single-squeeze doubled dies (often attributed to Class VIII) (CW 2/14/05, 9/12/05)
- Centrally-located doubling (CW 3/21/22)
- Peripheral Doubling (CW 8/8/04)
- Weaker impression hubbed last (e.g., 1963-D cent) (CW 6/14/10)
- Centrally-located doubled dies (CW 4/15/19)
- Rotated
- Rotated hub doubling (Class I) (CW 8/8/16)
Weak or incomplete hubbing (always part of a doubled die)
Tilted hubbing (always part of a doubled die)
Misaligned hubbing (uncorrected) (CW 5/30/22)
Repunched date (ES July/August 2012; CW 12/14/09)
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- 1956-D cent with repunched 5 (controversial) (CW 9/20/04, 7/16/12)
- 1957-D cent with repunched 7 (controversial)
Re-engraved date (on master die or working die)
Blundered date (on master die or working die)
Misplaced date (e.g. digits in denticles) (CW 4/21/03)
Phantom mintmark (working hub has mintmark incompletely removed)
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- (e.g. faint D and S mintmarks in cents from the late 1990s)
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- 1980 D & S cent (recently delisted)
- 1956 D & S cent (controversial)
Horizontal mintmarks (inevitably repunched)
Tilted mintmarks (punched in at an angle) (CW 7/28/14)
Rotated Mintmarks (CW 7/28/14)
Deeply-punched (high-standing) mintmarks (CW 9/29/14)
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- High-standing D mintmark (1987-D, 1988-D, and 1989-D cents)
Weakly-punched mintmarks
Repunched mintmarks (CW 1/20/20)
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- Overlapping mintmarks
- Totally separated mintmarks
- Two different fonts
- Large over small mintmarks
Repunched mint marks on the Jefferson nickel; Book by James Wiles (downloadable version)
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- 1938-D/S Buffalo Nickel
- 1944-D/S cent
Other repunched or re-engraved design elements
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- 1982 “no-P” Roosevelt dime
- 1990 Lincoln proof cent without S-mintmark
COIN WORLD SPECIAL: article posted HERE on 1975-S Roosevelt dime without mintmark.
Omitted date (foreign only) (CW 4/28/14)
Different mintmark styles and sizes
Overdates (CW 1/23/17)
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- Caused by repunching or re-engraving
- 1892 over an 18(8)2 Peruvian 1/2 Dino
- 1958-D Lincoln cent with repunched 7 digit (debunked)
- Caused by second hubbing of different date (Class III doubled die)
- Caused by grinding off earlier design and rehubbing or repunching (CW 1/23/17)
- 1943 over 1942 Jefferson nickel
- Caused by repunching or re-engraving
Dual Dates (earlier date faint)
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- Caused by erasing earlier date on working hub
- Caused by removing earlier date from working die and re-hubbing (e.g. 1975 Bahamas 5c with faint date “1973” on opposite face)
Wrong dates
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- Date later than final date of issue (e.g., 1913 Liberty Head nickel)
- Date earlier than first date of issue (e.g., 1954 Mexico 5 centavos – small size)
- Wrong digits (e.g., 1393/1893 Peruvian peso)
- Transposed digits
Blundered dies (various types) (CW 8/18/08)
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- Misspelling on working dies
- 1801 Large Cent: United misspelled IINITED
- 1863 Patriotic Token; SPOT misspelled (SPOOT)
Special Finish Errors (Proofs, Mint sets, Special Mint Sets, Satin Finish, etc.)
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- Frosting slop-over (proofs)
- Offset frosting (proofs) (CW 2/21/11)
- Design removed by proof polishing (CW 2/21/11)
- Field lowered by proof polishing (CW 2/14/11)
- Frosting applied in wrong place (CW 2/28/11)
- COIN WORLD SPECIAL: article posted HERE “Frosted Freedom” $50 and $100 platinum coins (CW 8/1/11)
- Frosting omitted
- Stencil outlines (CW 2/18/13)
- Incomplete Proof Laser Frosting (CW 9/12/16, 9/6/21)
Design Extension Dimples (CW 4/18/11)
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- COIN WORLD SPECIAL: article posted HERE
Edge Lettering Font Variants
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- Presidential dollars (4-5 types) (CW 10/18/10)
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- Applied to working die or master die
- 1973 and 1974 Mexico Bronze 20 Centavos
- 1984 Mexico 1 Peso
- Applied to working hub
- 2023 “extra V” cent (CW 3/27/23)
- Applied to working die or master die